Diplomasi Prabowo Subianto Dari China Hingga Rusia
Fathurrahman Yahya, Pemerhati Politik dan Isu-Isu Internasional, Program Doktoral Kajian Komunikasi Politik dan Diplomasi Universitas Sahid Jakarta.
5 Agustus 2024 12:30 WIB
Kunjungan Menteri Pertahanan Republik Indonesia, Prabowo Subianto ke beberapa negara Eropa seperti ; Prancis, Serbia, Turki dan Rusia disambut hangat para pemimpin negara-negara tersebut dan menarik untuk dicermati dalam konteks visi diplomasi Indonesia ke depan dibawah pemerintahan Prabowo Subianto-Gibran Rakabuming Raka periode 2024-2029.
Beberapa jam setelah dinyatakan menang Pilpres versi Quick Count, 14 Februari 2024 lalu, sejumlah pemimpin dunia menyampaikan ucapan selamat, baik secara langsung maupun melalui perwakilannya di Jakarta di antaranya ; Presiden Rusia Vladimir Putin, PM Australia, Anthony Albanese,Presiden China, Xi Jinping, dll. Mereka seolah berlomba untuk menyambut kehadiran Prabowo Subianto dalam kancah politik regional dan global. Berbeda dengan sikap Amerika Serikat yang tampak lebih berhati-hati. Presiden Joe Biden baru menyampaikan ucapan selamat kepada Prabowo Subianto beberapa hari sebelum pengumuman KPU, tepatnya pada 12 Maret 2024. Mengapa pemimpim negara-negara adidaya begitu antusias dan cepat memberi selamat kepada mantan Komandan Komando Pasukan Khusus (Kopassus) ini ? Mengapa aura Prabowo begitu memesona bagi para pemimpin negara adidaya tersebut.
Menjalin romantisme
Pesona Prabowo Subianto yang berlatar belakang militer dan sebagai Presiden terpilih seperti dinanti banyak pemimpin dunia. Bahkan, sebelum kunjungan Prabowo Subianto ke negara-negara Eropa, China memberikan privilege kepada Prabowo Subianto sebagai “Presiden Terpilih” mendahului pelantikannya dan mengundangnya ke Beijing untuk bertemu Presiden Xi Jinping.
Dikutip Harian South China Morning Post, Senin (31/3/2024), Prabowo Subianto diundang Presiden Xi Jinping sebagai “Presiden terpilih”, sehingga pertanyaan kemudian muncul, mengapa China tidak mengundang Prabowo Subianto sebagai Menteri Pertahanan atas nama “pembantu” Joko Widodo sebagai Presiden yang masih aktif dan menjabat hingga 20 Oktober 2024? Bisa dibaca, Jika undangan kepada Prabowo Subianto dalam kapasitasnya hanya sebagai Menteri Pertahanan, maka lingkup kunjungan dan protokoler penyambutannya akan lebih terbatas. Tetapi, Beijing justru memberi Privilege kepada Prabowo Subianto sebagai “Presiden terpilih”, sehingga ada “kesetaraan” posisi saat bertemu Presiden Xi Jinping.
Kunjungan Prabowo Subianto ke Beijing (31 Maret – 2 April 2024) mendapat sambutan hangat dengan hamparan karpet merah, layaknya kunjungan perdana seorang Presiden ke negara sahabat yang dinilai penting dan strategis. Di sini, tampak kelincahan diplomasi China dalam berlomba “mencuri start” untuk merangkul Indonesia di bawah pemerintahan Prabowo Subianto sebagai partner sekaligus “aliansi” strategis kepentingannya di kawasan.
Dengan hadirnya Prabowo Subianto ke Beijing, China seperti ingin memperlihatkan signal kepada Dunia, termasuk kepada rivalnya Amerika Serikat bahwa hubungan istimewa antara China dengan Indonesia di bawah pemerintahan Prabowo Subianto akan tetap istimewa sebagaimana era pemerintahan sebelumnya, khususnya pemerintahan Presiden Joko Widodo yang sudah pada tahap comprehensive strategic partnership.
Dengan status comprehensive strategic partnership, cakupan kerjasama China-Indonesia ke depan tentunya akan lebih luas, tidak hanya pada sektor ekonomi, perdagangan dan investasi yang selama ini sangat intens, tetapi juga pada sektor pertahanan dan keamanan.
Momentum itu dimanfaatkan China. Di tengah kompetisi pengaruh geopolitik di kawasan Indo-Pasifik, China sedang mencari dan terus berupaya memperkuat pengaruhnya di kawasan Indo-Pasifik vis a vis Amerika Serikat. Maka, dengan kunjungan Prabowo ke Beijing, China hendak menunjukkan bahwa romantisme hubungan diplomatik- Beijing-Jakarta akan terus berkembang dan bersinergi bersama-sama dalam menyikapi isu-isu di kawasan Asia dan Indo-Pasifik. Bagaimana dengan Rusia?
Menguatkan Sektor Pertahanan
Sama seperti halnya di China, kunjungan Prabowo Subianto ke Perancis, Serbia, Turki dan Rusia disambut hangat para pemimpin negara-negara tersebut layaknya kunjungan kenegaraan seorang Presiden.
Selama kunjugannya ke Benua Biru (24-31/7/2024), Prabowo Subianto bertemu dengan Presiden Prancis Emmanuel Macron, Presiden Serbia Aleksandar Vucic; Presiden Turki Recep Tayyip Erdoğan; dan Presiden Rusia Vladimir Putin.
Keempat negara tersebut adalah potensial untuk peningkatan kerjasama pertahanan dengan Indonesia ke depan. Maka, substansi pertemuan antara Prabowo Subianto dengan para pemimpin negara-negara tersebut tidak bisa dipisahkan dari visi diplomatik Indonesia ke depan di bawah pemerintahannya, yaitu untuk menguatkan dan meningkatkan kerjasama di sektor pertahanan dan ekonomi.
Kunjungannya ke Paris misalnya sebagai tindak lanjut dari penandatanganan perjanjian kerjasama di bidang pertahanan (Defence Cooperation Agreement/DCA), yang sudah disekapati dengan Menteri Pertahanan Prancis, Florence Parly pada tahun 2021 lalu.
Penguatan kerjasama pertahanan dengan Prancis penting dan strategis bagi Indonesia, termasuk rencana pembelian Kapal Selam jenis Scorpene sebagai alutsista untuk pengamanan wilayah perairan Indonesia, pada saat negara-negara yang tergabung dalam AUKUS (Australia-United Kingdom-United State of America), mengumumkan pakta keamanan trilateral pada September 2021 lalu, memfasilitasi pembangunan kapal selam bertenaga nuklir untuk Australia demi pertahanan di Indo-Pasifik.
Kunjungan Prabowo Subianto ke Kremlin, Rusia dimaksudkan untuk memperkuat hubungan bilateral antara Indonesia dan Rusia dan meningkatkan kerja sama di sektor pertahanan. Diketahui, kementerian Pertahanan RI telah menandatangani Nota Kesepahaman (MoU) dengan JSJ Rosoboronexport (Perusahan Rostek) Rusia, terkait pembelian sejumlah peralatan pertahanan berupa 21 pengangkut personel lapis baja (APC) amfibi BT-3F sebesar $ 67,2 juta dan 22 kendaraan tempur infanteri (IFV) BMP-3F sebesar $ 108 juta. (the diplomat.com,may 01 ,2019).
Bagi Indonesia, Rusia adalah sahabat lama sejak masa Uni Soviet pada era Soekarno, sehingga pertemuan Prabowo Subianto dengan Vladimir Putin menguatkan jalinan hubungan tradisional sebagai ‘’great friend’’. Dan ini menjadi momentum diplomatik Rusia dalam upaya mendekati negara-negara berpengaruh di Asia seperti Indonesia dan India di tengah isolasi dari AS dan negara-negara Barat akibat perang melawan Ukraina.
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Walhasil, bagi China, menjaga romantisme yang sudah terjalin dengan Indonesia sangat penting, sehingga penting pula menghadirkan Prabowo Subianto sebagai sosok yang diharapkan bisa memberi jaminan kepastian bagi keberlanjutan hubungan bilateral kedua negara. Paling tidak, China dapat menyesuaikan desain kebijakannya – dalam konteks hubungan diplomatiknya dengan kebijakan pemerintahan Prabowo Subianto.
Sementara itu, Pertemuan Prabowo dengan Putin akan memberi catatan ulang sejarah hubungan yang sangat erat sejak Uni Soviet membangun hubungannya dengan Indonesia di awal Perang Dingin, khususnya pada pemerintahan Presiden Soekarno. Hal ini juga tentu menarik untuk dicermati, karena Prabowo Subianto sebagai menantu Presiden Soeharto yang secara ideologi dan politik (masa orde baru) lebih condong kepada blok Barat-Amerika Serikat, justru menjadi sosok istimewa bagi Beijing dan Moskow. Bisa jadi, diplomasi Prabowo menjadi penyeimbang dalam konteks politik ”bebas aktif” dan non blok. (fath)
sumber : Diplomasi Prabowo Subianto Dari China Hingga Rusia | kumparan.com
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