Diplomasi Bola : ”Timnas Pusat”, Sinyal Romantisme Hubungan Indonesia-Belanda
Dalam pagelaran kompetisi Sepak Bola Piala Eropa (Euro 2024) yang berlangsung di Jerman, tim De Oranje, sebutan timnas Belanda berhasil menembus babak semi final, walaupun pada akhirnya mengalami kekalahan setelah ditekuk timnas Inggris dengan skor 1-2. Sebagian pecinta sepak bola Indonesia ikut senang saat asuhan Ronald Koeman meraih kemenangan dan bersedih saat mengalami kakalahan. Bahkan, mereka mendukung De Oranje dengan sebutan ‘’timnas pusat’’.
Melalui sepak bola, ikatan emosional nitizen Indonesia dengan Belanda sepertinya sudah tidak lagi rigid dan kaku. Penggemar sepak bola, khususnya kalangan milenial dan generasi Z tidak lagi memberi label Belanda sebagai ‘’penjajah’’ sebagaimana generasi boomer, sehingga emosi ‘’permusuhan dan kebencian’’ terhadap ingatan kolonialisme beralih menjadi romantisme.
Perubahan sikap dan emosional ini menjadi perhatian menarik sekaligus pertanyaan untuk dikaji. Mengapa nitizen Indonesia begitu mudah melupakan sisi gelap ‘’kolonialisme’’? Bagaimana Belanda bisa mengubah opini publik Indonesia tentang masa lalu ‘’kolonialisme’’ menjadi ‘’romantisme’’?
Nasionalisme vs Kolonialisme
Nuansa dukungan nitizen Indonesia terhadap timnas Belanda pada kompetisi Euro 2024 berbeda dengan 30 tahun silam saat timnas Belanda melawan timnas Arab Saudi pada ajang Piala Dunia Sepak Bola (World Cup1994), yang berlangsung di Amerika Serikat. Saat itu, banyak publik Indonesia mendukung timnas Arab Saudi.
Debut pertama timnas Arab Saudi dalam piala dunia 1994 yang dilatih Gorge Solari seolah mendapat tempat istimewa di hati penggemar sepakbola Indonesia, sementara timnas Belanda tidak seistimewa itu. Alasannya sedikit sarkastik, tetapi rasional karena Belanda adalah bekas kolonialis alias ’’penjajah’’ yang telah bercokol ratusan tahun di bumi Nusantara, memanfaatkan kekayaan hasil bumi dan menindas rakyat pribumi.
Sudah maklum, perusahaan dagang Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie (VOC) yang telah bercokol di dalam perdagangan Asia sejak awal 1600-an ini semakin kuat mencengkram Nusantara secara ekonomi dan politik, khususnya di pulau Jawa pada abad ke-18 dalam bentuk kolonialisme dengan segala bentuk penindasan dan kekejamannya. Residu kolonialisme itulah tampak membekas dalam ingatan publik- masyarakat Indonesia, sehingga dukungan terhadap timnas Arab Saudi lebih besar daripada timnas Belanda saat itu. Dibalik alasan tersebut tentu ada faktor nasionalisme.
Lloyd Cox dalam ‘’The Emotional Power of Nationalism’’ (2020) menggambarkan bahwa kekuatan emosi nasionalisme dapat memotivasi tindakan, pengorbanan, cinta dan kebencian seseorang. Nah, cara untuk meningkatkan kegigihanya adalah melalui penguatan emosi kolektif dan hubungannya dengan landasan sosial politik yang lebih instrumental.
Sinyal Romantisme
Zaman berubah dan Belanda telah berhasil mengubah emosi nasionalisme sebagian generasi Indonesia. Stigmatisasi ‘’kolonialis-penjajah’’ yang kerap disematkan kepada negeri kincir angin itu juga bisa berubah dengan hadirnya ‘’timnas pusat’’ sebagai bentuk akomodasi kolonialisme.
Laporan kekerasan ekstrem dan pelanggarah HAM berat yang dilakukan penjajah (tentara Belanda) selama perang kemerdekaan 1945-1949 sebagaimana digambarkan dalam penelitian (Beyond The pale : 2022), seolah terlupakan dalam bacaan generasi milenial dan generazi Z.
Pengorbanan dan perjuangan rakyat melawan kolonialisme Belanda sebagaimana digambarkan dalam film-film perjuangan misalnya : Serangan Fajar (Arifin.C.Noer : 1982), Tjoet Nja’ Dhien (Eros Djarot : 1988), Soekarno, (Hanung Bramantyo : 2013), Battle of Surabaya (Aryanto Yuniawan (2015), seperti ‘’terhapus’’ oleh diplomasi ‘’naturalisasi’’ Sepak Bola.
Hubungan Belanda-Indonesia memiliki akar sejarah panjang dalam kolonianalisme dan mengalami pasang surut hingga tahun 1980-an. Sungguhpun demikian, Belanda berhasil mengelola hubungan diplomatiknya dengan Indonesia hingga pada level kemitraan strategis komprehensif sejak tahun 2013. Berbagai pendekatan dilakukan dalam rangka menyambung kembali hubungan sejarah kedua negara, salah satunya melalui pendekatan diplomasi.
Beberapa tahun terakhir, diskusi dan perdebatan tentang implikasi pemerintahan Belanda (masa penjajahan) di Indonesia terus meningkat setelah adanya laporan penelitian Gert Oostindie, Thijs Brocades Zaalberg, Eveline Buchheim,dkk. berjudul ‘’Beyond The Pale : Dutch Extreme Violence in the Indonesian War of Independence, 1945-1949’’.
Pemerintah Belanda terus berupaya mengurangi ingatan kolektif negara bekas jajahannya atas citra kolonialisme masa lalu melalui berbagai pendekatan yang berkelanjutan. Melalui pengakuan resmi, permintaan maaf, kompensasi, kerjasama pendidikan, budaya, restitusi benda budaya, diplomasi publik, dan kerjasama ekonomi, Belanda mencoba membangun hubungan yang lebih baik atas dasar saling percaya dengan negara bekas jajahannya.
Kini, Belanda melalui timnas sepak bolanya semakin mendapat tempat istimewa di hati sebagian penggemar sepak bola tanah air, utamanya kalangan milenial dan generasi Z. Dosa-dosa kolonialisme sepertinya sirna terhapus oleh diplomasi sepak bola. Kehadiran pemain sepak bola berdarah Belanda-Indonesia sebut misalnya Nathan Tjoe A-On, Ivar Jenner, Justin Huber,Jay Idzer, Ragnar Oratmangun, Thom Haye, dst. dalam skuad timnas Indonesia, bukan hanya sekadar naturalisasi, tetapi di dalamnya terdapat upaya negosiasi dan diplomasi dengan negeri bekas jajahannya dan sebagai sinyal romantisme baru dalam hubungan kedua bangsa.
Bukan tidak mungkin bagi Belanda untuk mengkapitalisasi narasi ‘’timnas pusat’’ dan menempatkannya dalam kamus soft diplomacy-nya memanfaatkan emosi kolektif-romantisme nitizen Indonesia dengan timnas sepak bola Belanda.
Kompetisi Euro 2024 sudah berakhir, tetapi diskusi tantang ‘’timnas pusat’’ dalam lini masa masih berlanjut, karena di dalamnya ada nuansa ‘’nasionalisme vs kolonialisme’’. Bagi pecinta sepak bola generasi Z, sebutan ‘’timnas pusat’’ sepertinya tanpa beban sejarah kolonialisme masa lalu. Tetapi bagi para pejuang kemerdekaan dan pecinta Tanah Air, kolonialisme adalah sejarah masa silam yang tidak mudah untuk dilupakan dalam episode hubungan Indonesia-Belanda.(fath)
sumber : Kumparan.com/https://kumparan.com/editor/diplomasi-bola-timnas-pusat-sinyal-romantisme-hubungan-indonesia-belanda-23A0dOYvPSM
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